Fluid-pressure gage.



E. ELLIS;A num PRESSURE GAGE.

APPLICATIOII FILED JULY 24, 1915.

1,275,180. Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

m: Nomar. verras uo.. pnumunm. wAsnmamN, n. c.

EVENIO ELLIS, or SHEFFIELI),Ei\eI,A1\m.v

FLUID-ranssnnii GAGE. i

'TovaZZfw/Lom t may concern: Y

Be it knownvthat'I, Eviiivio ELLIS, asub` 'jectof tlie'King' otGreatBiitain andIre- 1 hereinafter referred to and land, `residing at 40,'Harboardlroad,'Woodseats, Sheiiield,jinf theY cou'ntj of York, Eligland, havelinveiited a certain new and'use'? Y ful: Improvement in Fluid-Pressure Gages,

' of which the following'isaspecication.

kis

or cylinder provided with an` endfcap or This invention relates to pressure gages ofthe kind wherein a spring-controlled pis ton: is arranged/to lbe actuated bythe fluidVA pressure and works iny a'cylinder or 'pr'es- A Fig. 2v a -part sectional elevation (on a much larger scale) the valve-releasing means shownbeing suitable .for use With the Eng- "lish-type ofv tire valve. v 1

surechamber. The invention is particularly intendedV for use uponinaters `for the pneu-f matic ytires of motor-car and other vvehicle wheels, or vit may be used in aldetached form for/:testingtheV pressure in pneumatic tires orthe like; the invention is, howevennot limited to these'applications'but may-be employed for testing compressionin internal-coinbuston engines and ior testing or indicating steam and other fluidV pressures' generally. f-

r1 he object of the `invention isV to produce a simple and reliable form of gage without parts liable tobe readily damaged or put` out of order.; Its indicating-piece is arranged to be retained in lany position to which it may beinoved'so that a reading can be taken at. any..tinie (until the gage is re-.set) and' 'eitherv with or without; disconnectionof the' instrument lfrom thesource of pressure whichever may be more convenient. 1

' The gage accordingV to this invention is characterized bythe-combination oa shell closed end having an opening, a iixedscalecarrying part upon saidfcap or end, said part having one-or-more insidesurfaces serv?v ing' to hold` and support` a, member', which Aconstitutes a frictionally-retained indicatingpiece vor part of ,frictionally-retained' indicater mechanism and is separate from, but

actuated by,a piston-rod slidingv directly" in.

the opening insaid'capA or end, a piston working directly in said,` shell orf cylinder, and a compression' spring-controlling .the movement of Vsaid piston jand piston-rod, ILA i said, compression springv throughoutits i length being disposed directly and' {solely- V between the piston-rod, and the shellor cyl-` inder.l .r The arrangement is, such {thatwthe ,l compression spring cannot at anytime come 1 vinto Vcontact withV the indicating-piece. In?,

general the `indicating-piece is of solid con-v v v i v i `to correspond with the markin'g'on thehscalefv f g Y Specicatipn `of Letters Patent. Patented 'Application'ied .iiuy 24.191,15. semina.41,785.'

f vthe'appended claims.

'r suitable for 1 testing Fig. 5 a plan 'of is surrounded .by a'compression spring/l ing weight Vor for other considerations'itA may be made hollow.

Otheifeatures ofl the invention will bef pointed out in r `R ferring now to the accompanying draw- 1 i invention Figures l-E) showya portable form of gage the :.pressure in pneui matic tires or Athe like, .1 p Fig. l being a yfront elevation, 'f

- ingsv which show convenient forms of the Fig.z2a a sectional elevation ofso much of v:

a tester as is necessary tofshow the Valve- Yreleasing means when the instrument is to be used with valve.v C

:Figt a .view of a further detail herein- A after described. Y'

Figs. 4-7 show agage suitable for indi-'f eating the compression in the cylinder of vinternal-coinliustion engines and for similar purposes. l y

Fig. 4: being a front elevation, Fig.v 4a a, view. of

tion-spring,

portion. y i

Fig. .6. a part sectional` elevation from the Aback of` the topportion, and A Fig. 7 a view of aremovable cap. 1

modified .construction hereinafter, referred l' i Vto, and f n Fig. 9 shows a gage v(constructed after the the. barrel of an airpunip or iniater. y f

. Referring rst toA Figs; 1-3; a piston l .Y i A 'a' suitable form of fric- -thebase-piece or `liotigorm'" F'g. 8 is ,a part sectional elevation `of ioo with'cup leather 2 worksV directly ina cylinder Sserving as the pressure chamber. The` pistoiirody QO'Sliding directly in'an opening Y A '-20inthe cap or closedend of'the cylinder- '.7 105 beariiigvat its ends A.upon .the capvlandl the'. Y piston,y the capbeingfurnished'*with*a ilat .-f scale-piece` 6` which',V as,Y shown, is in theform y of an inverted 4U. ...The indicating-member comprises a disk vvor short cylindrical piece 7 which'may begrooved or marked asf at8 dicating-piece, the upper end of the piston- Y rodfbeing, if desired, grooved `as, shown at 10, Fig. 3, so that the wire shall not hinder its outward movement wire will also serve to prevent rotation of the indicating-piece. A disk or diaphragm 11 'perforated at 12 is securely fixed within the cylinder 3. According to thefarrange-V mentshow'n in. Fig. 2 this disk 11 carries a valve-releasing pin 13 and on this pin are mounted a piston 21 and cup leather 14e (se- `cured to thefpistonby a stud 22), a loose rubber-or leather washer 15 fitting the cylinder and a loose metal 'rin'gld The ring serves to keep the flexible washer in position. lNith this'construction, when the-pin 13 .releases ythevtire 4or like valve the washer lfwill rest upon or be very neark the upper end of the valve stem. A littleof the released air may escape into the outer atinos plierewith negligible result; the bulk passes `up into the space 18 (by way of the small clearance 19 about the pin) with the result that the thus increased pressure above the lower piston Q1 forces this piston down so that thev washer `15 vbeds tightly :upon the end of the valve stein carried by the tire or the like, An airtight joint is in this way established, t and thereafter, owing to the opening 12, the pressure above and below the diaphragm 11 will be the same and equal to the pressure in the tire or the like. Until the' washer 15 beds tightly on the end of the valve stem air escapes into the outer atinos- V phere` so that until this bedding occurs Ythe pressure below the piston remains practically atmospheric; the air tight connection is, however, established practically immediately after the valve has been opened by the pin Y 13. The pressure in theinstrument forces out the piston-rod QOand indicating-piece 7 yuntil the compression of the spring l balances this pressure. It will be noticed that the part-s 14, 15, 16 arranged upon the pin 13 in the manner shown will always bed upon the end of the valve stem or body'whatever may be the length of such stein or of the valve pin used therein and will thus always forni an air-tight joint therewith. The caps 5, 17,`inay be'screwed upon, or rigidly Afixed to,`the cylinder 3, but when screwed they can Vbe quickly removed to permitxof theinspecwithin the cylinder the construction will admit of all thepartsbeing assembled or re-' When used this moved from one end of the cylinder; or after the parts above the disk 11 have been assemble-d this disk .may be permanently secured .in the cylinder. According to the arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 2 the disk or diaphragm 11 is perforated at 12 and serves as an abutment for a small 'compression spring 25 which bears at its lower end upon a piston 23 fitted with a cup leather 24. rlhis cup leather is mounted between the col lars 27 2S of a depending stud-like portion n l of' the piston, a perforation 26 through the piston'being provided for the-purpose. .of allowing air to pass into the tester when itis i applied to the valve Vof `the tire. It will be observed that these forms of tire tester are particularly neat and simple-and at thesame 'Y time have no parts which are likely readily to get out of order or to be easily damaged. In their usual dimensions these gages are of short overall-'length and as the length does not varywhen in use the spokes of a ywheel or other obstructions will not interfere with the outward movement of the indicating.- piece.

Referring new to Figs. Ll-*7 of the drawchamber or cylinder e by the engagementof a screw f with a groove g. Fig.V 6 shows an end cup leather L and stud z' unscrewed and detached from the lower extremity of the in this manner' provides-'the advantag'ethat after the device has been screwed into placef the gage proper can beV turnedto any constud i is perforated as shown at y' to allow Vvenient position to facilitate reading. The

the fluid to passup tobelow a Cup leather 7c on a spring-controlled piston and pistonrod similar to the Ycorresponding vparts'of Figs. 1-3., The upper end of the piston-rod,

however, is arranged'to engage a crank-pinVV l Z on a disk m carrying a `pointer or indicatav Ying-piece nfmoving over a flat dial or scale 0 which is lixed to the front'of a head-piece Q9 on the top of the cylinder by means of a bracket Q. The boss ofthe-pointer is vcarried ronjal reduced or centralpin portion of the disk in such ra way that itis Va little distance.

in front-of the bracketg, and in the space `between the boss and 'the-bracket is disposedl a helical'springw (such asv shownffor eX-fv` is coiled around thegpin portion' and arranged tobear frictionally at its ends upon the 4bracket and boss respectively. ,This f "di:

spring serves as a frictional'means'for-re-l 6 tion of a shell or cylinder `provided withVV 0 2a, and the valve-releasing means.

taining thefpointer in'any position-'to lwhichl` it'lmay ybe moved: The.' 4'cap lr," Fig.4 7, nor'- F Washer beingprovided." Instead-"fof em#Lv ploying 'alf crank pin, Lrack#and-pinionA gear#b as shown, after ,ftheymanner `ofthe piece Fig. 2, or the indicating-arm provided with frictional retaining-means after thefmaner of that employed in Figs. will be seen that this gage is neat andsimple 'and at thesametime its' parts can be readilyvenramined and replaced` when necessary@ overall length is small and the movement of -g its indicating-piece will not be interrupted by any overhanging parts of the engine or other obstructions.

A gage according to this invention and intended for use with pneumatic tires or the like may be mounted on anair-pump in any f suitable position, such as near the foot, as. shown in Fig. 9. It will be seen that when a. fixture on a pump the gagemay be constructed without the diaphragm 11, Fig. 2 or Fig.

All the gages can be quickly reset by hand and it is of course obvious that a tire tester as shown in F igs.v 1-3 may have indicating means such as shown in Figs. lr-S and the gage, Figs. 4:-7, may have indicating-means such as shown in Figs. 1-3.

I am aware that in fluid-pressure gages employing a Yspring-controlled piston ar-A ranged to be actuated by the fluid-pressure it is known to provide` an indicating-member separate from said piston and adapted'to be retained in its various positions by frlction. I am also aware that in a piston pressure gage attached to the valve of a wheel tire but not provided with a maximumindicator it is known to fit a shell with a per` forated end cap carrying la scale formed upon a window, the piston-rod being arranged to slide directly in the opening 1 n the cap and the piston arranged to work d1-` rectly in the shell under the control of a compression spring disposed throughoutits length directly and. solely between'the 1ston-rod and the shell. I do not claim eit er of such `constructions, broadly, but whatl I claimis: ,l Y*

l. In fluid-pressure gages, the combina'-v an end cap or closed end 'having' an opening, a fixed 'scale-carrying part vupon said `cap or end, said part having one or moreinside y surfaces serving to hold and support a mem-v ber, which constitutes a frictionally-retained indicating-piece or part of:V frictlonally-retained indicator mechanism? 'and isf'separate* from', butgactuated by," ay piston-rod `sliding r'ectlyf'fin "the= openingVZV said cap-l or lend, :piste oi'iking directly :said: shell orf cylindeij-f, and! ai fcompression ispring control f7 0* 1ing=the=movement offsaid-pistnand'- pist rod, Jsai'l compression *throughout its length being disposed directly-'andi solely"'bei tween/f1 the? stonerodl nder directly in said shell or cylinderand a compression spring controlling the movementofl said pistongand piston-rod, said compression spring throughout its length beingv disposed directly Vand solely between the piston-rod' 90 and the shell or cylinder. y In, fluid-pressure gages, the combinationV of a shell or cylinder provided with van end cap or closed end having an opening, avfixed scale-'carrying partfupon said cap 95 or` end, said part having'one or more inside surfaces which serve to holdV and support i-amember which lconstitutesy eithera frictionally-retained indicating-piece or part of frictionally-retained indicator mechanism 1100 and is separate from, but actuated by, a :pistonerod sliding directly in the opening in "said cap vor end, a piston working directly in said vshell or cylinder, a compression spring controlling the movement of said piston and 105. piston-rod, said compression spring throughf out its length` being directly and solely between the piston-rod and the shell or cylinder, and spring means for the purpose of effecting, or` assisting inY effecting, the fric- V1,10

tional retention of said indicating-piece or said indicator mechanism in yits variousposii tions. v

4.' In Huid-pressure gages, thel combination of a shell or cylinder provided with an end cap or closed end having an opening,

separatey from,but actuated by, apiston rod,v .sliding directly in the opening insaid caporg end, a pistoIi4 .workingdirectly in said shell 1'25 t or cylinder, a compression spring controlling the movement of said'piston and'piston-rod',

said; compression spring vthroughout its length being directly andy solely between the piston-rod and the shell@ or cylinder, and'130 v' spring means lbetween the indicating-piece and said gpart. upon said cap-o1' end,4 said.

in,d.ionizing-piecel being capable ofgmoving relatively to saidspringmeansprovided. for V`the lpurpoSe of efeoting, or. assistinginxei` feoting the -friciional retentlonoisaid indiv eating-piece or .said :indicator mechanism in, its variouspositions..

5. In Huid-,pressure it-ho oolnbiliaf Y `tion of a shell or cylinder provided with an,

end cap orolosed endhaving an opening,

a part upon-.said capos-end oarryinga. fiati i sca1e,sa1d Eport. having one or moreinside -1 surfaces servmgto holdandr'support a. mem- ,Y

ber which constitutes*:d solid. friotionallyretainedv indioatiigqpiecev or 4pau'ty of rrxfiotionally-retained in lleafisol:4 mechanism, including` a ;I' solid E ,indi'ctingpieceg :and ,is separate from, butl-gaotuatedvby, a; piston-rod sliding! directly in .theropening in Said oep o1'. end,

1i-piston lwoifking direotlyfin said -shelLoIf cylinder, and pa lCompress'ion spring control i ling fthe movement of :Srajidpiston andzpiStOn- .n

rod, 'Saidi compression `sloping throughout its y l length being; disposed directly and-:s016151 EVEMOELMS? 'Witnessesli y n RADLEY, 1 lj E.lioliioimvY 

